a301_server/pkg/middleware/idempotency.go

package middleware

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"time"

	"a301_server/pkg/apperror"
	"github.com/gofiber/fiber/v2"
	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
)

const idempotencyTTL = 10 * time.Minute
const redisTimeout = 5 * time.Second

type cachedResponse struct {
	StatusCode int             `json:"s"`
	Body       json.RawMessage `json:"b"`
}

// IdempotencyRequired returns a middleware that rejects requests without an Idempotency-Key header,
// then delegates to idempotency cache/replay logic.
func IdempotencyRequired(rdb *redis.Client) fiber.Handler {
	idempotency := Idempotency(rdb)
	return func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
		if c.Get("Idempotency-Key") == "" {
			return apperror.BadRequest("Idempotency-Key 헤더가 필요합니다")
		}
		return idempotency(c)
	}
}

// Idempotency returns a middleware that checks the Idempotency-Key header to prevent duplicate transactions.
// If the same key is seen again within the TTL, the cached response is returned.
func Idempotency(rdb *redis.Client) fiber.Handler {
	return func(c *fiber.Ctx) error {
		key := c.Get("Idempotency-Key")
		if key == "" {
			return c.Next()
		}
		if len(key) > 256 {
			return apperror.BadRequest("Idempotency-Key가 너무 깁니다")
		}

		// userID가 있으면 키에 포함하여 사용자 간 캐시 충돌 방지
		redisKey := "idempotency:"
		if uid, ok := c.Locals("userID").(uint); ok {
			redisKey += fmt.Sprintf("u%d:", uid)
		}
		redisKey += c.Method() + ":" + c.Route().Path + ":" + key

		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), redisTimeout)
		defer cancel()

		// Atomically claim the key using SET NX (only succeeds if key doesn't exist)
		set, err := rdb.SetNX(ctx, redisKey, "processing", idempotencyTTL).Result()
		if err != nil {
			// Redis error — reject to prevent duplicate transactions
			log.Printf("ERROR: idempotency SetNX failed (key=%s): %v", key, err)
			return apperror.New("internal_error", "서버 오류가 발생했습니다. 잠시 후 다시 시도해주세요", 503)
		}

		if !set {
			// Key already exists — either processing or completed
			getCtx, getCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), redisTimeout)
			defer getCancel()

			cached, err := rdb.Get(getCtx, redisKey).Bytes()
			if err != nil {
				return apperror.Conflict("요청이 처리 중입니다")
			}
			if string(cached) == "processing" {
				return apperror.Conflict("요청이 처리 중입니다")
			}
			var cr cachedResponse
			if json.Unmarshal(cached, &cr) == nil {
				c.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
				c.Set("X-Idempotent-Replay", "true")
				return c.Status(cr.StatusCode).Send(cr.Body)
			}
			return apperror.Conflict("요청이 처리 중입니다")
		}

		// We claimed the key — process the request
		if err := c.Next(); err != nil {
			// Processing failed — remove the key so it can be retried
			delCtx, delCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), redisTimeout)
			defer delCancel()
			if delErr := rdb.Del(delCtx, redisKey).Err(); delErr != nil {
				log.Printf("WARNING: idempotency cache delete failed (key=%s): %v", key, delErr)
			}
			return err
		}

		// Cache successful responses (2xx), otherwise remove the key for retry
		status := c.Response().StatusCode()
		if status >= 200 && status < 300 {
			cr := cachedResponse{StatusCode: status, Body: c.Response().Body()}
			if data, err := json.Marshal(cr); err == nil {
				writeCtx, writeCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), redisTimeout)
				defer writeCancel()
				if err := rdb.Set(writeCtx, redisKey, data, idempotencyTTL).Err(); err != nil {
					log.Printf("WARNING: idempotency cache write failed (key=%s): %v", key, err)
				}
			}
		} else {
			// Non-success — allow retry by removing the key
			delCtx, delCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), redisTimeout)
			defer delCancel()
			if delErr := rdb.Del(delCtx, redisKey).Err(); delErr != nil {
				log.Printf("WARNING: idempotency cache delete failed (key=%s): %v", key, delErr)
			}
		}

		return nil
	}
}